ICD Implantation
This device continuously monitors the heart’s rhythm and delivers electric shocks when irregular heartbeats are detected. There are two primary types of Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator surgery:
- Traditional ICD: This type is placed in the chest, with wires (leads) connecting to the heart.
- Subcutaneous ICD (S-ICD): Positioned under the skin beside the chest below the armpit, the S-ICD does not touch the heart directly.
Procedure of ICD implantation
The ICD implantation procedure involves surgically placing an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) into a patient’s body. This device monitors and treats serious heart rhythm disorders. During the procedure:
- The patient is prepared and given anesthesia.
- A small incision is made, usually near the collarbone.
- Thin wires called leads are inserted and guided into the heart.
- The pulse generator, containing the device’s components, is implanted under the skin.
- Testing ensures proper device function.
- The incision is closed, and the patient recovers with follow-up appointments to monitor the ICD’s performance and overall heart health.
While generally safe and effective, there are potential risks and complications to consider. Patients should discuss these with the healthcare provider before the procedure.
Benefits of ICD implantation
The primary benefits of ICD implantation include:
– Immediate response to irregular heart rhythms.
– Prevention of sudden cardiac death.
– Increased survival rates for those at high risk of ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation.
– Customizable programming to match individual heart rhythm needs.
Why ICD implantation done?
Implantable cardioverter defibrillator uses include monitoring and regulating heart rhythm in individuals at high risk of sudden cardiac death due to specific heart conditions and are programmable to suit each patient’s needs.
These situations may include:
– Surviving cardiac arrest.
– Having a history of coronary artery disease and a weakened heart.
– Enlarged heart muscles.
– Genetic heart conditions that increase the risk of fast heart rhythms.
The ICD constantly monitors heart activity and provides immediate intervention, significantly reducing the risk of sudden death from cardiac arrest compared to medication alone.
What are the Risks Involved in ICD implantation?
While ICD implantation is a life-saving procedure, it carries certain risks, including:
– Infection at the implant site.
– Swelling, bleeding, or bruising.
– Blood vessel damage from ICD wires.
– Bleeding around the heart (potentially life-threatening).
– Movement of the device or leads, causing heart muscle damage (rare).
– Collapsed lung.
What is ICD Implantation Expense in India?
Types of ICD Implantation Surgery
There are several types of ICD implantation surgeries based on the procedure and device used:
Transvenous ICD Placement
This is the most common type of ICD implantation. It involves making an incision near the collarbone, inserting leads (wires) through veins into the heart, and connecting them to the ICD device, which is placed under the skin.
Subcutaneous ICD Placement
S-ICD placement involves positioning the device under the skin without placing leads inside the heart. The leads are instead placed along the chest wall, providing defibrillation without entering the heart.
Biventricular ICD Placement
or patients with heart failure and specific types of arrhythmias, a CRT-D device might be recommended. This involves placing leads in both ventricles of the heart to synchronize heartbeats and improve pumping efficiency, in addition to providing defibrillation.
What Happens After the ICD implantation?
Following ICD implantation, patients can expect the following:
– The area around the ICD site may be swollen and tender for a few days or weeks.
– Pain management may be necessary.
– Limitations on arm movements for about eight weeks to prevent wire movement.
– Avoidance of certain activities, such as heavy lifting and energetic sports.
– Regular check-ups to monitor ICD function and battery status.
Implantable cardioverter defibrillators are remarkable devices that offer a lifeline to individuals at risk of life-threatening heart arrhythmias. While they come with potential risks, the benefits in terms of life-saving capabilities far outweigh these concerns. Close collaboration between patients and healthcare providers ensures the best possible outcome when considering and living with an ICD.